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Less to Lose: How shorter and more flexible degrees shape university choice and earnings
The Bologna Process moved the first university qualification forward, either by shortening a bachelor's degree or adding an intermediate qualification to a longer degree. University completion rose by 8%, students moved towards the fields most affected by the reform, and hourly wages at ages 28 to 30 increased by 1.6%.
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The economic burden of violence against women and violence against children in Italy
Using nationally representative surveys, administrative records and econometric costing, we estimate a lifetime cost of violence against women of €40,248 per victim and an annual burden of €37.5 billion, equivalent to 1.71% of Italian GDP in 2024.
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Parental Responses to Child Endowments
Using the UK Millennium Cohort Study, this paper examines whether parents compensate for or reinforce differences in children's endowments by relating investments throughout childhood and adolescence to children's educational-attainment polygenic scores, conditional on their parents' scores.
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Unpacking Successful Literacy Interventions: Evidence from Liberia
Why do some literacy programmes deliver large learning gains? EGRA Plus Liberia combined intensive teacher training, coaching and instructional materials with parental and community engagement. The full programme raised reading skills by nearly one standard deviation; 43% of the effect operates through improved teaching practices and school inputs, with a further 13% working through parental investments.
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How do Students React to more Flexible University Systems? The Bologna Process in Italy
Before the Bologna Process, Italian students faced a single choice regarding higher education. Either enrol in a long university program lasting 4–5 years (single-cycle) or not attend university at all. The reform introduced greater flexibility by restructuring degrees into two cycles—a three-year bachelor’s program followed by an optional two-year master’s degree. I study the impact this has on students' educational choices and wages by the early 30s.
